Traction engine

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Place of Origin: China Shandong Brand Name: JINAO Model Number: 3WD-161 Terms of..And you can see more from loose material balers lqq051 towing tractor power texture sprayer mercedez benz tractor petrol garden sprayer compact farm tractors small medium tractors matched with tractors farm pressure sprayer It has been suggested that Steam tractor be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)Contents1 History 1.1 Decline 1.2 Preservation 2 Operation 3 Types and usage 3.1 Agricultural (general purpose) engine 3.1.1 U.S. (agricultural) traction engine 3.2 Ploughing engine 3.3 Steam tractor (U.S.) 3.4 Steam tractor (UK) 3.5 Road locomotive 3.6 Steamroller 4 Relatives of the traction engine 4.1 Portable engine 4.2 Steam wagon 4.3 Traction engines as railway locomotives 5 Terminology 6 Modern use 7 Traction engines in popular culture 8 Manufacturers 9 See also 10 References 10.1 Research 11 External links 11.1 History 11.2 Preservation 11.3 Further information // A traction engine is a self-propelled steam engine used to move heavy loads on roads, plough ground or to provide power at a chosen location. The name derives from the Latin tractus, meaning 'drawn', since the prime function of any traction engine is to draw a load behind it. They are sometimes called road locomotives to distinguish them from (railway) steam locomotives that is, steam engines that run on rails.Traction engines tend to be large, robust and powerful, but heavy, slow, and have poor manoeuvrability. Nevertheless, they revolutionized agriculture and road haulage at a time when the only alternative prime mover was the draught horse.A typical preserved traction engine:1910 Allchin 7nhp agricultural engine "Evedon Lad",at Stoke Goldington steam rally in 2005They became popular in industrialised countries from around 1850, when the first self-propelled portable steam engines for agricultural use were developed. Production continued well into the early part of the 20th century, when competition from internal combustion engine -powered tractors saw them fall out of favour, although some continued in commercial use in the UK into the 1950s and later. All types of traction engines have now been superseded, in commercial use. However, several thousand examples have been preserved worldwide, many in working order. Steam fairs are held throughout the year in the UK, and in other countries, where visitors can experience working traction engines at close hand.Traction engines were cumbersome and ill-suited to crossing soft or heavy ground so their agricultural use was usually either "in the belt" 鏉檕wering farm machinery by means of a continuous leather belt driven by the flywheel 鏉榬 in pairs, dragging an implement on a cable from one side of a field to another. However, where soil conditions permitted, direct hauling of implements ("off the drawbar") was preferred in the U.S., this led to the divergent development of the steam tractor.HistoryLimits of technical knowledge and manufacturing technology meant that practicable road vehicles, powered by steam, did not start to appear until the early years of the 19th century.The traction engine, in the form recognisable today, developed partly from an experiment in 1859 when Thomas Aveling modified a Clayton & Shuttleworth portable engine, which had to be hauled from job to job by horses, into a self-propelled one. The alteration was made by fitting a long driving chain between the crankshaft and the rear axle. [1] Other influences were existing vehicles which were the first to be referred to as traction engines such as the Boydell engines manufactured by various companies and those developed for road haulage by Bray. The first half of the 1860s was a period of great experimentation but by the end of the decade the standard form of the traction engine had evolved and would change little over the next sixty years.Until the quality of roads improved there was little demand for faster vehicles and engines were geared accordingly to cope with their use on rough roads and farm tracks.Right through to the first decades of the twentieth century, manufacturers continued to seek a solution to realise the economic benefits of direct-pull ploughing and, particularly in North America, this led to the American development of the steam tractor. British companies such as Mann's and Garrett developed potentially-viable direct ploughing engines, however market conditions were against them and they failed to gain widespread popularity. These market conditions arose in the wake of the First World War when there was a glut of surplus equipment available as a result of British Government policy. Large numbers of Fowler ploughing engines had been constructed in order to increase the land under tillage during the war and many new light Fordson F tractors had been imported from 1917 onwards.DeclineRoad steam disappeared through restrictions and charges that drove up their operating costs. Through 1921, steam...(and so on)


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