Industrial radiography

I had find many products about industrial safety shoes from some websites such as


Pencil Production Line, Pencil Making..
Specifications:Pencil making machinery. The main machines technologies are from Germany. We design and..


Fiberglass Needle Mat
Fiberglass Needle Mat Needle mat is a new fiberglass reinforcement product. The needle mat is made..And you can see more from ugg men slipper air jordan23 shoes puma retro shoes adult dancer shoes boots air jordans brand chanel sandal sport fusion shoes ivory bridal shoes name of shoes Industrial Radiography is the use of ionizing electromagnetic radiation to view objects in a way that can't be seen otherwise. It is not to be confused with the use of ionizing radiation to change or modify objects; radiography's purpose is strictly for viewing. Industrial radiography has grown out of engineering, and is a major element of nondestructive testing (NDT). It is a method of inspecting materials for hidden flaws by using the ability of short wavelength electromagnetic radiation to penetrate various materials.Contents1 History 2 Uses 2.1 Inspection of materials 2.2 Airport security 2.3 Non-intrusive Cargo Scanning (aka Non-Intrusive Inspection - NII) 3 Sources 3.1 X-ray sources 3.2 Radioisotope sources 3.2.1 Torch design of radiographic cameras 3.2.2 Cable based design of radiographic cameras 3.3 Contrast agents 3.4 Neutrons 4 Safety 5 See also 6 References 7 External links // HistoryRadiography started in 1895 with the discovery of X-rays (later also called R?ntgen rays after the man who first described their properties in detail), a type of electromagnetic radiation. Soon after the discovery of X-rays, radioactivity was discovered. By using radioactive sources such as radium, far higher photon energies could be obtained than those which can be obtained from normal X-ray machines. Soon these found various applications, with one of the earliest users being Loughborough University[1], from helping to fit shoes, more lasting medical uses and the examination of non-living objects. X-rays and gamma-rays were put to use very early, before the dangers of ionising radiation were discovered. After World War II new isotopes such as caesium-137, iridium-192 and cobalt-60 became available for industrial radiography, and the use of radium and radon decreased.UsesInspection of materialsGamma radiation sources, most commonly Iridium-192 and Cobalt-60, are used to inspect a variety of materials. The vast majority of radiography concerns the testing and grading of welds on pressurized piping, pressure vessels, high-capacity storage containers, pipelines, and some structural welds. Other tested materials include concrete (locating rebar or conduit), welder's test coupons, machined parts, plate metal, or pipewall (locating anomalies due to corrosion or mechanical damage). Theoretically, industrial radiographers could radiograph any solid, flat material (walls, ceilings, floors, square or rectangular containers) or any hollow cylindrical or spherical object.For purposes of inspection, including weld inspection, there exist several exposure arrangements.First, there is the panoramic, one of the four single wall exposure/single wall view (SWE/SWV) arrangements. This exposure is created when the radiographer places the source of radiation at the center of a sphere, cone, or cylinder (including tanks, vessels, and piping). Depending upon client requirements, the radiographer would then place film cassettes on the outside of the surface to be examined. This exposure arrangement is ideal - when properly arranged and exposed, all portions of all exposed film will be of the same approximate density. It also has the advantage of taking less time than other arrangements since the source must only penetrate the total wall thickness (WT) once and must only travel the radius of the inspection item, not its full diameter. The major disadvantage of the panoramic is that it may be impractical to reach the center of the item (enclosed pipe) or the source may be too weak to perform in this arrangement (large vessels or tanks).The second SWE/SWV arrangement is an interior placement of the source in an enclosed inspection item without having the source centered up. The source does not come in direct contact with the item, but is placed a distance away, depending on client requirements. The third is an exterior placement with similar characteristics. The fourth is reserved for flat objects, such as plate metal, and is also radiographed without the source coming in direct contact with the item. In each case, the radiographic film is located on the opposite side of the inspection item from the source. In all four cases, only one wall is exposed, and only one wall is viewed on the radiograph.Of the other exposure arrangements, only the contact shot has the source located on the inspection item. This type of radiograph will expose both walls, but will only resolve the image of that wall which is nearest the film. This exposure arrangement takes more time than a panoramic, as the source must now penetrate the WT twice and travel the entire outside diameter of the pipe or vessel to reach the film on the opposite side. This is a double wall exposure/single wall view DWE/SWV arrangement. Another is the superimposure (wherein the source is...(and so on)


Salzer Brand Thermoplastic-Insulated..
Size: 16#, 14#, 12#, 10#, 8#THHN: It indicates a single conductor having flame-retardant and..
You can also see some feature products :wome af1 shoes classic nike sneaker starter solenoid boot wholesale desiner boot sell cheap jordans women air shoes christian louboutin boots roper sport shoes wholesale burberry shoes discount airwalk shoes timberland nike shox nike jordan12 shoes traditional dress materials women d/g sandal fashion riding boots cheap diesel sneaker quality female shoes ugg cgm boots latest coogi shoes wholesale florsheim shoes leather athletic shoes